Insulinum Solutio Neutralis WO-S may be available in the countries listed below.
Insulin Injection, Soluble porcine (a derivative of Insulin Injection, Soluble) is reported as an ingredient of Insulinum Solutio Neutralis WO-S in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Generic Name: dihydroergotamine nasal (dye hye droe er GOT a meen)
Brand Names: Migranal Nasal Spray
Dihydroergotamine nasal causes vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels). It also affects blood flow patterns that are associated with migraine and cluster headaches.
Dihydroergotamine nasal is used to treat migraine headaches. This medication will also not prevent a migraine headache.
Dihydroergotamine nasal should not be used to treat a cluster headache.
Dihydroergotamine nasal may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Do not use dihydroergotamine nasal if you are pregnant or breast-feeding, or if you have:
angina (chest pain);
a history of stroke or heart attack;
arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries);
uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension);
a serious infection.
Before using dihydroergotamine nasal, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension);
heart disease or a history of heart surgery;
high cholesterol;
diabetes;
if you are a woman who has had a hysterectomy or gone through menopause;
if you are a man over 40 years of age; or
if you smoke or are overweight.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use dihydroergotamine nasal, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
Use this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the instructions on your prescription label.
This medication comes with patient instructions for safe and effective use. Follow these directions carefully. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.
Dihydroergotamine nasal comes in a bottle (vial) with a nasal sprayer attachment. Do not open the vial and attach the sprayer until you are ready to use the medication. A new vial and sprayer should be used for each new headache episode.
Use dihydroergotamine nasal at the first sign of a migraine headache.
Before using the medication, you must first prime the nasal sprayer by pumping 4 sprays into the air. This will assure that there is enough medicine in the pump device to deliver the correct dose when you spray it into your nose.
Use one spray in each nostril. Wait 15 minutes before using a second spray in each nostril. If you still have migraine symptoms after using the medication a second time, call your doctor.
Since dihydroergotamine nasal is used as needed, you are not likely to be on a daily dosing schedule. Do not use more than 6 total sprays of dihydroergotamine nasal in any 24-hour period. Do not use more than 8 total sprays of this medication over a period of 7 days.
Symptoms of a dihydroergotamine nasal overdose may include numbness, tingling, cold feeling, or bluish coloring in your hands or feet, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, confusion, unusual thoughts or behavior, severe headache, blurred vision, trouble concentrating, chest pain, feeling light-headed or fainting, slow or shallow breathing, or seizure (black-out or convulsions).
Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with dihydroergotamine nasal and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor. Do not increase or decrease the amount of grapefruit products in your diet without first talking to your doctor.
sudden numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body;
sudden headache, confusion, problems with vision, speech, or balance;
chest pain;
weakness, pain, or swelling in one or both legs;
fast, slow, or uneven heart rate;
swelling or itching in any part of your body;
muscle pain in your arms or legs;
feeling light-headed, fainting; or
numbness, tingling, or cold feeling in your fingers or toes.
Keep using the medication and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:
runny or stuffy nose;
nose bleed;
burning, pain, numbness, tingling, dryness, or other irritation in your nose or throat;
unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth; or
nausea, vomiting.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
Before using dihydroergotamine nasal, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
cold or allergy medications;
amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone);
cimetidine (Tagamet);
ciprofloxacin (Cipro);
cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune);
metronidazole (Flagyl, Protostat);
nicotine (Nicoderm, Nicorette);
sibutramine (Meridia);
zileuton (Zyflo);
an "SSRI" antidepressant such citalopram (Celexa), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), nefazodone (Serzone), sertraline (Zoloft), or paroxetine (Paxil);
antibiotics such as azithromycin (Zithromax), clarithromycin (Biaxin), erythromycin (E-Mycin, E.E.S., Ery-Tab, Erythrocin), itraconazole (Sporanox), clotrimazole (Mycelex Troche), ketoconazole (Nizoral), or troleandomycin (Tao);
HIV medication such as amprenavir (Agenerase), atazanavir (Reyataz), foramprenavir (Lexiva), delavirdine (Rescriptor), indinavir (Crixivan), nelfinavir (Viracept), nevirapine (Viramune), ritonavir (Norvir), saquinavir (Invirase, Fortovase) and others; or
heart or blood pressure medication such as acebutolol (Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin), betaxolol (Kerlone), bisoprolol (Zebeta), carteolol (Cartrol), carvedilol (Coreg), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac), esmolol (Brevibloc), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol), nadolol (Corgard), penbutolol (Levatol), pindolol (Visken), propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran), sotalol (Betapace), timolol (Blocadren), or verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verelan).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use dihydroergotamine nasal, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect dihydroergotamine nasal. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
Dihydroergotamine nasal is available with a prescription under the brand name Migranal. Other brand or generic formulations may also be available. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.
See also: Migranal Nasal side effects (in more detail)
Generic Name: fluorouracil (injection) (FLOOR oh URE a sil)
Brand Names: Adrucil
Fluorouracil is a cancer medication. Fluorouracil interferes with the growth of cancer cells and slows their growth and spread in the body.
Fluorouracil is used to treat cancer of the colon, rectum, breast, stomach, or pancreas.
Fluorouracil treats only the symptoms of cancer but does not treat the cancer itself.
Fluorouracil may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Before you receive fluorouracil, tell your doctor if you have cancer that has spread to your bone marrow, liver or kidney disease, if you have ever had radiation treatment of your pelvic area, or if you have ever received other cancer medications in the past.
Fluorouracil can lower blood cells that help your body fight infections. Avoid being near people who have colds, the flu, or other contagious illnesses. Do not receive a live vaccine during your fluorouracil treatment. Contact your doctor at once if you develop signs of infection such as fever, chills, sore throat, flu symptoms, easy bruising or bleeding, mouth sores, or unusual weakness.
bone marrow depression;
a serious infection; or
if you are malnourished or are not receiving proper nutrition.
If you have any of these other conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely receive this medication:
cancer that has spread to your bone marrow;
if you have ever had radiation treatment of your pelvic area.
Tell your doctor about all other cancer medications you have received in the past, especially BiCNU, CeeNU, Cytoxan, DTIC-Dome, Gliadel, Leukeran, Myeleran, Neosar, Temodar, or Zanosar.
Fluorouracil is given as an injection through a needle placed into a vein. You will receive this injection in a clinic or hospital setting.
Fluorouracil injections are usually given daily for 3 or 4 days in a row, and then every other day for another 3 or 4 days. This treatment cycle may be repeated once a month. You may also receive a weekly dose. Follow your doctor's instructions.
How often you need fluorouracil injections will depend on many factors, including side effects and how your body responds to the medication. Try not to miss any appointments for your fluorouracil injections.
Your white blood cell (WBC) counts may need to be checked with a blood test before you receive each fluorouracil dose. This will help your doctor determine whether you can safely receive the injection.
Fluorouracil can lower blood cells that help your body fight infections. This can make it easier for you to bleed from an injury or get sick from being around others who are ill. Contact your doctor at once if you develop signs of infection such as fever, chills, sore throat, flu symptoms, easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums), mouth sores, or unusual weakness.
Contact your doctor if you miss an appointment for your fluorouracil injection.
Overdose symptoms may include more severe forms of the side effects that fluorouracil can cause, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood, or any signs of infection (such as fever, chills, sore throat, and mouth sores).
Avoid being near people who have colds, the flu, or other contagious illnesses. Contact your doctor at once if you develop signs of infection.
signs of infection such as fever, chills, sore throat, flu symptoms;
white patches or sores inside your mouth or throat, or on your lips;
pale skin, easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or any bleeding that will not stop);
weakness or fainting;
black, bloody, or tarry stools;
coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;
watery diarrhea, ongoing or severe vomiting;
hand-foot syndrome (tingling, pain, redness, swelling, or tenderness in the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet);
numbness or tingling anywhere in your body, loss of muscle control; or
chest pain, sudden weakness on one side of the body, confusion, or problems with vision, speech, or balance.
Less serious side effects may include:
temporary hair loss;
mild to moderate nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite;
mild, itchy skin rash;
eye dryness, watering, or increased sensitivity to light; or
temporary loss of your fingernails or toenails.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Tell your doctor about all other cancer medications you are receiving, especially leucovorin (Wellcovorin).
This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with fluorouracil. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
See also: Adrucil side effects (in more detail)
Class: Corticosteroids
ATC Class: R03BA07
VA Class: NT200
Chemical Name: (11β,16α) - 9,21 - Dichloro - 17 - [(2 - furanylcarbonyl)oxy] - 11 - hydroxy - 16 - methyl - pregna - 1,4 - diene - 3,20 - dione
Molecular Formula: C27H30Cl2O6
CAS Number: 83919-23-7
Brands: Nasonex Nasal Spray
Synthetic nonfluorinated corticosteroid.e
Prophylaxis1 2 3 and treatment1 2 4 5 6 of nasal symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis.1 2 7 8
Treatment of nasal symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis.1 2 7 8
For therapeutic effectiveness, use at regular intervals.1
Administer by nasal inhalation using a a metered-dose nasal spray pump.1 2
Shake inhaler gently immediately prior to use.1
Prior to initial use, the metered-dose pump spray must be primed with 10 actuations or until a fine spray appears.1 b Prime pump after a period of nonuse (i.e., >1 week) by actuating twice or until a fine spray appears.1 b c
Clear nasal passages prior to administration.b
Tilt the head slightly forward, insert the nasal applicator into one nostril, b and point the tip of the applicator away from the nasal septum.b Pump the drug into the nostrilb while holding the other nostril closed and concurrently inspiring through the nose.b Repeat procedure for the other nostril.b
Clean nasal applicator by removing the nasal applicator and plastic cap.c Soak the nasal applicator in cold tap water and/or rinse in warm water and dry.c Rinse the plastic cap under cold water and dry.c Reassemble the nasal applicator with the pump by reinserting the pump stem into the center opening of the applicator.c Reprime the pump by actuating twice or until a fine spray appears.c
Available as mometasone furoate monohydrate; dosage expressed in terms of anhydrous mometasone furoate.1
After priming, nasal spray pump delivers about 50 mcg of mometasone furoate per metered spray and about 120 metered doses per 17-g container.1
Titrate dosage to the lowest possible effective level.1 (See Pediatric Use under Cautions.)
Children 2–11 years of age: 50 mcg (1 spray) in each nostril once daily (100 mcg total daily dosage).1 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 11
Children ≥12 years of age: 100 mcg (2 sprays) in each nostril once daily (200 mcg total daily dosage).1 2 4 5 6 7 8
Children ≥12 years of age: 100 mcg (2 sprays) in each nostril once daily (200 mcg total daily dosage) starting 2–4 weeks prior to the anticipated start of the pollen season.1 2 3
100 mcg (2 sprays) in each nostril once daily (200 mcg total daily dosage).1 2 4 5 6 7 8
100 mcg (2 sprays) in each nostril once daily (200 mcg total daily dosage) starting 2–4 weeks prior to the anticipated start of the pollen season.1 2 3
Known hypersensitivity to mometasone furoate or any ingredient in the formulation.1
Possible corticosteroid withdrawal symptoms (e.g., joint pain, muscular pain, lassitude, depression), acute adrenal insufficiency, or severe symptomatic exacerbation of asthma or other clinical conditions if prolonged systemic corticosteroid therapy is replaced with topical corticosteroid therapy; careful monitoring recommended.1
Use particular caution in patients with associated asthma or other conditions that may be exacerbated by too rapid a reduction in systemic corticosteroid dosage.1
Excessive intranasal dosages or use in patients who are particularly sensitive to corticosteroid effects due to recent systemic corticosteroid therapy may cause systemic corticosteroid effects (e.g., menstrual irregularities, acneiform lesions, cushingoid features).1 (See Systemic Corticosteroid Effects under Cautions.)
Increased susceptibility to infections in patients who are taking immunosuppressant drugs.1 Certain infections (e.g., varicella [chickenpox], measles) can be serious or even fatal in such patients, particularly in children.1
Exposure to varicella and measles should be avoided in previously unexposed patients.1 If exposure to varicella or measles occurs in susceptible patients, consider administering varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) or immune globulin (IG), respectively.1 Consider treatment with an antiviral agent if varicella develops.1
Rarely, immediate hypersensitivity reactions or wheezing may occur.1 2
Possible growth suppression in children or adolescents.1 (See Pediatric Use under Cautions.)
Excessive intranasal dosages or use in patients who are particularly sensitive to corticosteroid effects may increase risk of systemic corticosteroid effects (e.g., hypercorticism, adrenal suppression).1
Avoid use of higher than recommended dosages.1 If systemic effects occur, slowly reduce dosage and discontinue drug.1
Rarely, localized candidial infections of the nose and/or pharynx have been reported.1 Local treatment of such infections and/or discontinuance of intranasal therapy may be required.1
Possible nasal burning and irritation.1 2 Rarely, nasal septum perforation has been reported.1
Periodically examine nasal passages for signs of mucosal changes during long-term therapy (several months or longer).1
Use not recommended in patients with recent nasal septal ulcers, nasal surgery, or nasal trauma until healing has occurred.1
Use with caution, if at all, in patients with clinical or asymptomatic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the respiratory tract; untreated fungal, bacterial, or systemic viral infections; or ocular herpes simplex infections.1
No ophthalmologic abnormalities (i.e., elevation in intraocular pressure, cataracts) observed in long-term studies with mometasone furoate.1 Glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, and cataracts have been reported rarely with other nasal or inhaled corticosteroids.1
Monitor patients who have a change in vision and those with a history of glaucoma or cataracts.1
Category C.1
Use during pregnancy may result in hypoadrenalism in infants; monitor these infants carefully.1
Not known whether mometasone furoate is distributed into milk; caution if used in nursing women.1
Safety and efficacy not established in children <2 years of age.1
Intranasal corticosteroids may reduce growth velocity in pediatric patients.1 Routine monitoring of growth (e.g., via stadiometry) recommended.1 Titrate dosage to the lowest possible effective level.1
Adverse effects profiles similar to those in younger adults.1
Headache, viral infection, pharyngitis, epistaxis/blood-tinged mucus, coughing, upper respiratory tract infection, dysmenorrhea, musculoskeletal pain, sinusitis, vomiting.1 a
Bioavailability <0.1% administered as a nasal spray; virtually undetectable in plasma.1 2 11
Symptomatic relief may be evident within 5–11 hours after the initial dose.1 2 9 1 2 Maximum benefit is usually achieved within 1–2 weeks.1
Not known whether mometasone furoate crosses the placenta or distributes into breast milk.1
Approximately 98–99%.1
Swallowed portion of dose is extensively metabolized to multiple derivatives;1 a minor metabolite is formed by CYP3A4.1
Excreted as metabolites principally via bile and to a lesser extent in urine.1
5.8 hours.1
25°C (may be exposed to 15–30°C); protect from light.1
Inhibits multiple cell types (e.g., mast cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, monocytes, plasma cells) and mediators (e.g., histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, cytokines) involved in inflammation.2 11 a
Inhibits the expression of inflammatory mediators by cells involved in both the early and late phases of the allergic response,2 including reduced histamine and eosinophil cationic protein levels and reduced eosinophils, neutrophils, and epithelial adhesion proteins.a
Decreases nasal reactivity to allergensd and reduces intraepithelial eosinophilia and infiltration of inflammatory cells (e.g., eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells) in nasal mucosa.1 11 a
Importance of providing patients a copy of the manufacturer’s patient information.1
Importance of understanding proper storage, preparation, and administration techniques.1 b Importance of shaking container gently prior to each use.b
Importance of avoiding spraying drug into the eyes or directly on the nasal septum.1 b
Advise patients that containers of mometasone nasal spray should be discarded after 120 actuations.1
Importance of regular use to obtain therapeutic effectiveness.1 11 Importance of not exceeding prescribed dosage.1 11
Advise that the drug usually will provide symptomatic relief within 2 days, but 1–2 weeks of continuous therapy usually are required for optimum effects.1
Importance of contacting a clinician if symptoms worsen or fail to improve.1
Importance of informing clinicians of existing or contemplated concomitant therapy, including prescription and OTC drugs.1
Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.1
Importance of informing patients of other important precautionary information. (See Cautions.)
Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.
Routes | Dosage Forms | Strengths | Brand Names | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | Suspension | 0.05% w/w [50 mcg (of anhydrous mometasone furoate) per metered spray] | Nasonex Nasal Spray (with benzalkonium chloride) | Schering-Plough |
This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.
The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com represent that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com make no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com do not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.
AHFS Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2011, Selected Revisions April 2010. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
Only references cited for selected revisions after 1984 are available electronically.
1. Schering. Nasonex (mometasone furoate monohydrate) nasal spray prescribing information. Kenilworth, NJ; 2001 Feb.
2. Onrust SV, Lamb HM. Mometasone furoate: a review of its intranasal use in allergic rhinitis. Drugs. 1998; 56:725-45. [PubMed 9806113]
3. Graft D, Aaronson D, Chervinsky P et al. A placebo- and active-controlled randomized trial of prophylactic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis with mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996; 98:724-31. [IDIS 375007] [PubMed 8876546]
4. Bronsky EA, Aaronson DW, Berkowitz RB et al. Dose ranging study of mometasone furoate (Nasonex) in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1997; 79:51-6. [IDIS 390360] [PubMed 9236500]
5. Meltzer EO, Jalowayski AA, Orgel HA et al. Subjective and objective assessments in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: effects of therapy with mometasone furoate nasal spray. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998; 102:39-49. [IDIS 410793] [PubMed 9679846]
6. Hebert JR, Nolop K, Lutsky BN. Once-daily mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray (Nasonex) in seasonal allergic rhinitis: an active- and placebo-controlled study. Allergy. 1996; 51:569-76. [PubMed 8874661]
7. Mandl M, Nolop K, Lutsky BN. Comparison of once daily mometasone furoate (Nasonex) and fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal sprays for the treatment of perennial rhinitis. 194-079 Study Group. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1997; 79:370-8. [IDIS 396140] [PubMed 9357385]
8. Drouin M, Yang WH, Bertrand B et al. Once daily mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray is as effective as twice daily beclomethasone dipropionate for treating perennial allergic rhinitis patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996; 77:153-60. [IDIS 371952] [PubMed 8760782]
9. Berkowitz RB, Roberson S, Zora J et al. Mometasone furoate nasal spray is rapidly effective in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in an outdoor (park), acute exposure setting. Allergy Asthma Proc. 1999; 20:167-72. [PubMed 10389549]
10. Minshall E, Ghaffar O, Cameron L et al. Assessment by nasal biopsy of long-term use of mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray (Nasonex) in the treatment of perennial rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998; 118:648-54. [PubMed 9591864]
11. Schering, Kenilworth, NJ: Personal communication.
12. Schenkel EJ, Skoner DP, Bronsky EA et al. Absence of growth retardation in children with perennial allergic rhinitis after one year of treatment with mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray. Pediatrics. 2000; 105:E22. [IDIS 443258] [PubMed 10654982]
a. Schering. Nasonex (mometasone furoate monohydrate) nasal spray prescribing information. Kenilworth, NJ; 2003 Jun.
b. Schering. Nasonex (mometasone furoate monohydrate) nasal spray patient instructions. Kenilworth, NJ; 2003 Jun.
c. Schering. Nasonex (mometasone furoate monohydrate) nasal spray applicator cleaning instructions. Kenilworth, NJ; 2003 Jun.
d. AHFS Drug Information 2004. McEvoy GK, ed. EENT Corticosteroids General Statement. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2004: page 2656-8.
e. AHFS Drug Information 2004. McEvoy GK, ed. Mometasone Furoate. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2004: page 2676-78. AHFS DI
Generic Name: edrophonium (ED roe FOE nee um)
Brand Names: Enlon, Tensilon
Edrophonium is used as part of a medical test to help diagnose a muscle disorder called myasthenia gravis.
Edrophonium is sometimes used to reverse the effects of certain medications used to prevent muscle contractions during surgical procedures.
Edrophonium may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Before you receive edrophonium, tell your doctor if you have asthma, a heart rhythm disorder, or if you are allergic to sulfites. Also tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Less serious side effects may occur (some of which can be expected as part of a positive test reaction to edrophonium) such as watery eyes, vision problems, changes in your voice, mild nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, weakness, or muscle twitching.
a blockage in your intestines; or
obstructed urine flow.
Before you receive edrophonium, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
asthma;
a heart rhythm disorder; or
if you are allergic to sulfites.
If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely receive edrophonium.
Edrophonium is given as an injection through a needle placed into a muscle or vein. You will receive this injection in a clinic or hospital setting as part of a medical test.
When used in diagnosing myasthenia gravis, edrophonium is given in small doses over 15 to 45 seconds. After each dose you will be observed for the expected reaction to this medication (muscle twitching, vision changes, increased muscle weakness, sweating, stomach cramps, nausea, and other symptoms). You may receive other medications to treat the reaction to edrophonium.
The test you are receiving may be repeated a second time.
Your specific edrophonium test may be performed in a different manner than described above.
Since edrophonium is given by a healthcare professional, it is not likely that you will miss a dose.
Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, slow heart rate, and increased salivation (drooling).
Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity after you have been treated with edrophonium.
slow heart rate;
chest pain, weak pulse, increased sweating, and dizziness;
feeling like you might pass out;
weak or shallow breathing;
urinating more than usual;
seizures (convulsions); or
trouble swallowing.
Less serious side effects (some of which can be expected as part of a positive test reaction) may include:
watery eyes, vision problems;
changes in your voice;
mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain;
weakness; or
muscle twitching.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
There may be other drugs that can interact with edrophonium. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
See also: Enlon side effects (in more detail)
Treating myasthenia gravis. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Mestinon is a cholinesterase inhibitor. It works by improving nerve impulses in muscles so that the muscles are better able to work.
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Some medical conditions may interact with Mestinon. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Mestinon. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Mestinon may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Use Mestinon as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Mestinon.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. When used in small doses, no COMMON side effects have been reported with this product. Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); diarrhea; fainting; increased production of saliva; increased sweating; muscle weakness; nausea; small pupils; stomach cramps; trouble breathing; vision changes; vomiting; weakness.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.
See also: Mestinon side effects (in more detail)
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include diarrhea; fainting; increased production of saliva; increased sweating; muscle weakness; nausea; small pupils; stomach cramps; trouble breathing; vision changes; vomiting; weakness.
Store Mestinon between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Mestinon out of the reach of children and away from pets.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Mestinon. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Generic Name: misoprostol (mye so PRAH stole)
Brand Names: Cytotec
Misoprostol reduces stomach acid and replaces protective substances in the stomach that are inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and aspirin.
Misoprostol is used to prevent the formation of ulcers in the stomach during treatment with aspirin or an NSAID such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, others), ketoprofen (Orudis, Orudis KT, Oruvail), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve, Anaprox, Naprelan), oxaprozin (Daypro), indomethacin (Indocin), diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam), etodolac (Lodine), piroxicam (Feldene), meloxicam (Mobic), tolmetin (Tolectin), nabumetone (Relafen), and fenoprofen (Nalfon). NSAIDs and aspirin are used to treat pain, fever, arthritis, and inflammatory conditions.
Misoprostol may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Before taking misoprostol, tell your doctor if you have inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, or other intestinal problems. You may need a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment with misoprostol.
Take misoprostol exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these directions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.
Misoprostol may cause mild to moderate diarrhea, stomach cramps, and/or nausea. These problems usually occur during the first few weeks of treatment and stop after about a week. The occurrence of diarrhea may be minimized by taking misoprostol with food. Contact your doctor if these symptoms persist for longer than 8 days or if they are severe.
Take misoprostol for the full amount of time prescribed by your doctor. Treatment usually continues for as long as aspirin or an NSAID is taken.
See also: Misoprostol dosage (in more detail)
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take only the next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of this medication.
The symptoms of a misoprostol overdose are not well known but might include stomach upset, stomach pain, diarrhea, drowsiness, tremor, seizures, difficulty breathing, fever, low blood pressure, and an irregular heart beat.
The incidence of diarrhea may be reduced by avoiding antacids that contain magnesium. If an antacid is needed, one that contains aluminum or calcium may be a more appropriate choice.
There are no restrictions on food, beverages, or activities during treatment with misoprostol unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
Misoprostol may cause mild to moderate diarrhea, stomach cramps, and/or nausea. These problems usually occur during the first few weeks of treatment and stop after about a week. The occurrence of diarrhea may be minimized by taking misoprostol with food. Contact your doctor if these symptoms persist for longer than 8 days or if they are severe.
Other, less serious side effects may also occur. Continue to take misoprostol and talk to your doctor if you experience
vomiting;
flatulence;
constipation;
headache; or
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Usual Adult Dose for NSAID-Induced Ulcer Prophylaxis:
200 mcg orally 4 times a day after meals and at bedtime.
Usual Adult Dose for Gastric Ulcer:
200 mcg orally 4 times a day after meals and at bedtime.
Usual Adult Dose for Duodenal Ulcer:
200 mcg orally 4 times a day after meals and at bedtime. Alternatively, 400 mcg orally 2 times a day may be used.
Usual Adult Dose for Labor Induction:
25 mcg vaginally every 4 to 6 hours.
Usual Adult Dose for Postpartum Bleeding:
Prophylaxis: 400 to 600 mcg orally or rectally after delivery of the baby, but before delivery of the placenta.
Usual Adult Dose for Cervical Ripening:
Before surgical abortion: 400 mcg vaginally, 3 to 4 hours before suction curettage.
Usual Adult Dose for Abortion:
First Trimester of Pregnancy: 400 mcg orally once as a single dose 48 hours after mifepristone administration. Alternatively, 800 mcg vaginally 48 hours after mifepristone administration. When used with methotrexate, 5 to 7 days later give 800 mcg vaginally (misoprostol dose may be repeated 24 hours later if needed).
In Failed Pregnancy or Fetal Death: 800 mcg vaginally once or twice (doses given 24 hours apart).
Second Trimester of Pregnancy: 600 mcg vaginally, 36 to 48 hours after mifepristone administration, followed by 400 mcg orally or vaginally every 3 hours to a maximum of 5 doses in the first 24 hours.
Third Trimester of Pregnancy - Fetal Death: 100 mcg vaginally every 12 hours.
Usual Adult Dose for Gynecologic Surgery:
Study (n=204) - Operative hysteroscopy: 400 mcg orally 12 to 24 hours before surgery.
Usual Pediatric Dose for NSAID-Induced Ulcer Prophylaxis:
Study (n=25)
>7 years: 9.8 mcg/kg/day, given in two equally divided doses daily, to a maximum of 800 mcg/day.
The incidence of diarrhea may be reduced by avoiding antacids that contain magnesium. If an antacid is needed, one that contains aluminum or calcium may be a more appropriate choice.
Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with misoprostol. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines, including herbal products.
See also: misoprostol side effects (in more detail)
Generic Name: cyclizine (SYE kli zeen)
Brand Names: Marezine
Cyclizine is used to relieve nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion sickness.
Cyclizine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you have
kidney or liver disease,
an enlarged prostate,
difficulty urinating,
bladder problems, or
glaucoma.
You may not be able to take cyclizine, or you may require a lower dose or special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.
Take cyclizine exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these directions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.
Cyclizine usually is taken approximately 30 minutes before travel and then every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 200 mg of this medication in 1 day.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take only your next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of this medication.
Symptoms of a cyclizine overdose include drowsiness, agitation, excitability, seizures or convulsions, hallucinations, and death.
Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take cyclizine and talk to your doctor if you experience
drowsiness;
restlessness, excitation, nervousness, or insomnia;
blurred vision;
dry mouth, nose, or throat;
decreased appetite, nausea, or vomiting;
difficulty urinating; or
an irregular or fast heartbeat.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Cyclizine may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness, including antidepressants, alcohol, antihistamines, sedatives (used to treat insomnia), pain relievers, anxiety medicines, and muscle relaxants. Tell your doctor about all medicines that you are taking, and do not take any medicine unless your doctor approves.
Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with cyclizine. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines.
See also: Marezine side effects (in more detail)
Monopril may cause injury or death to the fetus if taken after the third month of pregnancy. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor right away.
Treating high blood pressure alone or with other medicines. It is used along with other medicines to manage heart failure. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Monopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It works by relaxing blood vessels. This helps to lower blood pressure.
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Some medical conditions may interact with Monopril. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Monopril. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Monopril may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Use Monopril as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Monopril.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Cough; dizziness; nausea.
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the hands, eyes, mouth, face, lips, or tongue; unusual hoarseness); chest pain; confusion; dark urine; decreased urination; difficulty swallowing; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; mental or mood changes; muscle pain or cramping; numbness of an arm or leg; one-sided weakness; slurred speech; stomach pain (with or without nausea or vomiting); symptoms of infection (eg, fever, chills, persistent sore throat); symptoms of low blood pressure (eg, fainting, severe dizziness, lightheadedness); vision changes; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.
See also: Monopril side effects (in more detail)
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include fainting; severe dizziness or lightheadedness; weakness.
Store Monopril at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Monopril out of the reach of children and away from pets.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Monopril. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Generic Name: pegaptanib (Intraocular route)
peg-AP-ta-nib
In the U.S.
Available Dosage Forms:
Therapeutic Class: Ophthalmologic Agent
Pegaptanib is used to treat neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a disorder of the retina of the eye that causes blurring of vision or blindness .
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription .
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of pegaptanib in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established .
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatrics-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of pegaptanib in the elderly .
| Pregnancy Category | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|
| All Trimesters | B | Animal studies have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus, however, there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus. |
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
A doctor will give you this medicine. Pegaptanib is given through a shot into your eye. .
Your doctor will want to check your progress at regular visits, especially during the first few weeks that you receive this medicine .
Serious eye problems may occur after treatment with this medicine. Check with your doctor immediately if your eye becomes red, sensitive to light, painful or develops a change in vision several days after your treatment.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor or nurse immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
See also: Macugen side effects (in more detail)
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